Due at my office by the end of Wednesday the 3rd of April
Prepare a class paper on retrieval using the tip-of-the-tongue data collected by the whole class. Use the same APA experimental report format as you employed for the serial reproduction paper. Include an abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion and bibliography. Choose an aspect of the TOT data as your focus and perform a quantitative analysis. Enter the data into Excel, and produce tables and graphs to visually present the pattern of results. Remember to include figure legends.
The actors/actresses version of the TOT data is much richer than the earlier attempts, so I suggest that you focus your attention on that set of results. If you find material you can use from the earlier sets go ahead and do that. For example, you might want to include specific examples from your own experience doing those earlier tests, or you may want to discuss why the proper names version worked much better.
Due in class on Friday the 22nd February 2002
Write up the serial reproduction experiment conducted by the class. This is modelled on the experimental work Bartlett conducted for his Fellowship dissertation and wrote up in Remembering.
To focus your write-up select one kind of transformation over the course of the series of reproductions for further analysis. The quantitative part of this analysis involves counting up the instances of a particular type of change in the story, and possibly providing a plot of it using the graphing function of Excel. There are many different elements of the data that lend themselves to this kind of analysis. For example, look at only the treatment of the ghosts, the ending, the supernatural elements, the dialogue, the excuses, the transformation of particular words, like proper names or details like the canoes/seals/the mine, the rendering of emotions, mental states, rationalization, and so on. Read Bartlett's analysis for ideas and also spend time reading through all of the data you and your classmates collected in order to decide on the one theme you want to pursue. There is too much data to attempt quantitative analysis of more than one element. Bartlett does NOT provide this kind of quantitative analysis of his data, and you can follow his lead by selecting particular reproductions or parts of reproductions to quote in detail. This means that your report will be a hybrid, merging the older, more narrative style employed by Bartlett with the modern American Psychological Association (APA) format.
Use the APA format for experimental reports as a guide in writing up your report. Your report will consist of an abstract summarizing the research, a literature review in the introduction, a methods section that delineates your procedures and participants, a results section that reports the findings and includes any graphs, tables and statistical analysis you prepare, a discussion section where you reflect more generally on the significance of the work and suggest future directions for the research, and a complete bibliography in APA format. More details on the APA format for experimental reports are available on a useful site web put together by the Psychology teaching assistants at the University of Glasgow.
Bibliographic References for the Study:
Barrett, J.L. & Nyhof, M. (2001). Spreading Non-natural Concepts: The Role
of Intuitive Conceptual Structures in Memory and Transmission of
Cultural Materials. Journal of Cognition & Culture, 1, 69-101. (Available
in EBSCOHost)
Bartlett, F. C. (1995). Remembering: A study in experimental and social
psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press. (Original
work published 1932)
Bergman, E. T. & Roediger, H. L. (1999). Can Bartlett's repeated reproduction
experiments be replicated? Memory & Cognition, 27,
937-947.
Boas, F. (1901). Kathlamet texts. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin, 26, 5-260. (Bartlett adapted The War of the Ghosts from this article.)
Erdoes, R. & Ortiz, A. (1984). American Indian Myths and Legends. New York: Pantheon Books. (The Transformed Grandmother comes from this source.)
Gauld, A. & Stephenson, G. M. (1967). Some experiments related to Bartlett's
theory of remembering. British Journal of Psychology, 58,
39-49.
Mandler, J. M. & Johnson, N. S. (1977). Remembrance of things parsed: Story structure and recall. Cognitive Psychology, 9, 111-151.
Paul, I. H. (1959). Studies in remembering. Psychological Issues, 1, 1-152.
Roediger, H. L. (1997). Review of Remembering: A study in experimental and
social psychology , Frederic C. Bartlett. Contemporary
Psychology, 42, 488-492.
Saito, A. (1996). Social origins of cognition: Bartlett, evolutionary perspective
and embodied mind approach. Journal for the Theory of
Social Behavior, 26, 399-421.
If you want to cite any web sources use this citation guide.